System Selection - Package Units

How do I determine if I need a split system or package unit?
The vast majority of homes have a split system. These are advantageous because the blower unit can be centrally located for better air distribution. A package unit is normally used for homes on an elevated crawl space, mobile homes or for roof-top installations or anywhere that an indoor furnace is not desirable because of space or closet limitations.
Where and how are package units most commonly used?
How is a "split system" different from a "package" unit?
Where can I get more detail and specs for the equipment I am interested in?